Oh yeah you're going to have real hard time running anything with integrated graphics. You should try the -novid thing for sure then. On a laptop, the heat hits the max during videos/cutscenes in games for me. Also check if there's any driver updates for that laptops hardware you can download.
If you get the game to work, you should look into getting the Chris fps config. Unfortunatley it's unsuppported by the creator, but you can still download and there's still probably a ton of tutorials for it still. That config will strip tf2 to it's bare bones, it will look normal, just not very pretty. That should make the game playable in terms of framerate if lowest setting don't do it.
Haven't read this through, but I've used similiar tutorials:
http://www.addictivetips.com/windows-ti ... windows-7/
I set mine to 99% in power options, deffinetly made a difference in temperature.